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Table 3 Final models exploring the relationship between food access insecurity score and two measures of growth faltering, controlling for indicators of SES

From: Household food access and child malnutrition: results from the eight-country MAL-ED study

 

Height-for-age

Weight-for-height

 

Full model

Final model

Full model

Final model

Intercept (Tanzania as reference)

−1.96 (<0.001)

−2.20 (<0.001)

0.71 (0.003)

0.51 (0.007)

Bangladesh

−0.09 (0.73)

−0.14 (0.53)

−1.02 (<0.001)

−1.04 (<0.001)

Brazil

1.57 (<0.001)

1.52 (<0.001)

0.56 (0.02)

0.55 (<0.001)

Peru

0.16 (0.50)

0.14 (0.51)

0.30 (0.19)

0.27 0.09)

India

0.50 (0.03)

0.48 (0.03)

−1.26 (<0.001)

−1.37 (<0.001)

Pakistan

0.18 (0.48)

0.14 (0.56)

−0.97 (<0.001)

−1.07 (<0.001)

Nepal

0.18 (0.47)

0.12 (0.55)

0.33 (0.17)

0.28 (0.06)

South Africa

−0.10 (0.68)

−0.16 (0.40)

0.88 (<0.001)

0.85 (<0.001)

Food access insecurity score (effect per unit score)

−0.020 (0.009)

−0.020 (0.008)

0.011 (0.13)

0.010 (0.13)

Age

−0.005 (0.24)

 

−0.01 (0.005)

−0.01 (0.004)

Sex

−0.03 (0.71)

 

−0.08 (0.30)

 

Water Source‡

0.38 (0.03)

0.37 (0.03)

−0.16 (0.33)

 

Sanitation Facility‡

−0.03 (0.81)

 

0.12 (0.35)

 

Maternal education (years)

0.02 (0.06)

0.02 (0.06)

−0.005 (0.69)

 

Bank account

−0.06 (0.57)

 

−0.05 (0.62)

 

People per room

−0.06 (0.03)

−0.06 (0.03)

−0.02 (0.53)

 

Adjusted R2

20.3%

20.6%

35.1%

35.2%

  1. Rows contain effect estimates and p-values in parentheses.
  2. ‡ Dichotomous variables measuring access to improved facilities based on WHO standards.