From: A comparison of missing data procedures for addressing selection bias in HIV sentinel surveillance data
Level of selection bias
Complete-case (Fixed-effects)
Complete-case (Mixed-effects)
Model 1
Model 2
Model 3
High
0.038
0.884
0.059
0.035
0
Moderate
0.129
0.933
0.593
0.179
0.007
Low
0.12
0.924
0.603
0.685
0.032