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Table 3 Modeled lung, breast, and colon cancer interventions baseline and incremental benefits, incremental costs, and incremental cost-effectiveness, for Māori and non-Māori aged 50–54, 65–69, and 80–84 years, with varying input parameters (Models 1–5)

From: Why equal treatment is not always equitable: the impact of existing ethnic health inequalities in cost-effectiveness modeling

  50-54 years 65-69 years 80-84 years
  HALY per 100,000 pop^ Baseline HALY per case Inc HALY per case HALY per case% change ICER HALY per 100,000 pop^ Baseline HALY per case Inc HALY per case HALY per case% change ICER HALY per 100,000 pop^ Baseline HALY per case Inc HALY per case HALY per case% change ICER
Lung cancer               
Non-Māori                
Model 1/2 41 4.13 1.49 0 13200 126 2.21 0.89 0 20000 98 1.01 0.37 0 40900
Model 3/4 39 3.64 1.41 -5.4 14000 116 1.80 0.81 -9.0 21800 82 0.69 0.31 -16.2 49100
Model 5 31 2.94 1.13 -24.2 17500 85 1.35 0.60 -32.6 29600 54 0.46 0.20 -45.9 74300
Māori                
Model 1 145 4.02 1.47 0 13300 419 2.14 0.87 0 20200 230 1.00 0.37 0 40700
Model 2 127 2.90 1.29 -12.2 14600 346 1.52 0.72 -17.2 23000 185 0.74 0.30 -18.9 47600
Model 3 119 2.49 1.21 -17.7 15500 312 1.18 0.65 -25.3 25400 149 0.47 0.24 -35.1 59000
Model 4 105 2.25 1.07 -27.2 16900 260 1.03 0.54 -37.9 29500 126 0.43 0.20 -45.9 68200
Model 5 78 1.69 0.79 -46.3 22900 174 0.71 0.36 -58.6 44000 71 0.26 0.11 -70.3 120700
Breast cancer               
Non-Māori                
Model 1/2 65 17.53 0.74 0 24500 82 11.62 0.61 0 30000 40 6.07 0.25 0 66800
Model 3/4 64 16.80 0.73 -1.4 24800 81 10.92 0.60 -1.6 30500 39 5.49 0.24 -4.0 68900
Model 5 50 13.37 0.57 -23.0 31900 58 8.05 0.43 -29.5 42600 25 3.62 0.16 -36.0 107300
Māori                
Model 1 109 17.26 0.75 0 24300 138 11.42 0.61 0 29800 68 6.04 0.25 0 66400
Model 2 141 15.84 0.96 +28.0 19900 172 10.28 0.76 +24.6 25000 87 5.56 0.32 +28.0 53700
Model 3 139 15.12 0.95 +26.7 20100 169 9.61 0.75 +23.0 25400 84 5.01 0.31 +24.0 55800
Model 4 122 13.63 0.83 +10.7 22400 135 8.17 0.60 -1.6 30600 66 4.28 0.24 -4.0 68600
Model 5 88 10.14 0.60 -20.0 31100 88 5.55 0.39 -36.1 47000 36 2.43 0.13 -48.0 126300
Colon Cancer               
Non-Māori                
Model 1/2 36 13.05 1.28 0 15300 159 8.95 0.85 0 22200 159 4.31 0.42 0 41400
Model 3/4 35 12.44 1.25 -2.3 15600 154 8.36 0.82 -3.5 22900 149 3.82 0.4 -4.8 44100
Model 5 28 9.99 1 -28 19600 112 6.19 0.6 -29.4 31300 98 2.52 0.26 -38.1 67400
Māori                
Model 1 27 12.71 1.27 0 15300 114 8.64 0.83 0 22500 109 4.21 0.42 0 41700
Model 2 33 9.83 1.53 20.5 13300 138 6.75 1.01 21.7 19400 130 3.28 0.5 19 35900
Model 3 32 9.29 1.5 18.1 13600 133 6.23 0.97 16.9 20100 122 2.85 0.47 11.9 38400
Model 4 28 8.31 1.32 2.4 14900 110 5.27 0.8 -3.6 23400 100 2.42 0.38 -9.5 45700
Model 5 21 6.18 0.97 -23.6 20300 72 3.53 0.53 -36.1 35500 54 1.36 0.21 -50 83900
  1. Model 1 – Ethnic-specific cancer incidence, non-Māori cancer excess mortality, and background mortality rates for all groups, no disability weights for cancer phases, no background population morbidity.
  2. Model 2 – Same as Model 1, with ethnic-specific cancer excess mortality rate.
  3. Model 3 – Same as Model 2, with disability weights for cancer phases.
  4. Model 4 – Same as Model 3, with ethnic-specific background mortality rates.
  5. Model 5 Heterogeneity model – Same as Model 4, with ethnic-specific background population morbidity.
  6. ^per 100,000 ethnic-specific resident population.
  7. Note: The incremental cost per case for Model 1 was similar for Māori and non-Māori and reduced for Māori in Models 2 and 4 to be less than $2000 difference between Models 1–5.
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