From: Pediatric appendicitis rupture rate: a national indicator of disparities in healthcare access
 |  | Ruptures (%) | Non-ruptures (%) |
---|---|---|---|
Race/ethnicity* | white | 12,056 (29%) | 29,514 (71%) |
 | black | 1,474 (36%) | 2,579 (63%) |
 | Hispanic | 5,539 (36%) | 1,001 (64%) |
 | Asian | 499 (36%) | 893 (64%) |
Gender | male | 11,947 (31%) | 26,247 (69%) |
 | female | 7,613 (31%) | 16,726 (69%) |
Age group* | 4–8 | 5,387 (42%) | 7,591 (58%) |
 | 9–11 | 4,189 (31%) | 9,221 (69%) |
 | 12–14 | 5,075 (31%) | 11,444 (69%) |
 | 15–18 | 4,918 (25%) | 14,731 (75%) |
ZIP code median annual household income* | $0–$24,999 | 2,059 (38%) | 3,399 (62%) |
 | $25,000–$34,999 | 5,612 (33%) | 11,573 (67%) |
 | $35,000–$44,999 | 5,284 (30%) | 12,097 (70%) |
 | ≥ $45,000 | 6,309 (29%) | 15,198 (71%) |
Expected primary payer* | private | 12,226 (29%) | 29,866 (71%) |
 | public | 5,552 (37%) | 9,351 (63%) |
 | other | 1,554 (33%) | 3,179 (67%) |
Admission source* | emergency department | 13,068 (30%) | 30,273 (70%) |
 | other healthcare referral | 4,461 (35%) | 8,281 (65%) |
 | other | 1,097 (32%) | 2,193 (68%) |
Hospital type* | teaching | 9,552 (35%) | 18,114 (65%) |
 | other | 10,016 (29%) | 24,836 (71%) |
Pediatric discharge volume* | 4–1,578 | 4,759 (28%) | 12,474 (72%) |
 | 1,579–3,471 | 4,343 (28%) | 11,213 (72%) |
 | 3,472–6,582 | 4,320 (32%) | 9,568 (68%) |
 | 6,583–22,785 | 6,045 (38%) | 9,733 (62%) |
 |  | Means (95% CIs) | |
Length of stay* |  | 5.5 (5.4–5.6) | 2.0 (1.9–2.0) |
Total charges* |  | $17,905 ($17,473–$18,336) | $9,076 ($8,956–$9,198) |