From: Pediatric appendicitis rupture rate: a national indicator of disparities in healthcare access
Unadjusted race/ethnicity odds | Race/ethnicity odds adjusted for biologic factors | With additional adjustments for social and system factors | With additional adjustments for hospital factors | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Race/ethnicity | white | ref | ref | ref | ref |
black | 1.40 (1.27–1.55) | 1.38 (1.25–1.53) | 1.27 (1.14–1.42) | 1.23 (1.10–1.37) | |
Hispanic | 1.36 (1.28–1.44) | 1.24 (1.17–1.31) | 1.14 (1.07–1.22) | 1.07 (1.00–1.15) | |
Asian | 1.37 (1.16–1.61) | 1.32 (1.13–1.52) | 1.29 (1.10–1.53) | 1.24 (1.05–1.46) | |
Gender | male | 1.00 (0.95–1.06) | 0.99 (0.94–1.05) | 0.99 (0.94–1.05) | |
female | ref | ref | ref | ||
Age group | 4–8 | 2.05 (1.90–2.21) | 2.02 (1.87–2.18) | 1.90 (1.76–2.06) | |
9–11 | 1.36 (1.25–1.47) | 1.36 (1.25–1.47) | 1.30 (1.20–1.41) | ||
12–14 | 1.32 (1.23–1.42) | 1.31 (1.22–1.42) | 1.28 (1.18–1.38) | ||
15–18 | ref | ref | ref | ||
ZIP code median annual household income | $0–$24,999 | 1.15 (1.05–1.27) | 1.13 (1.02–1.24) | ||
$25,000–$34,999 | 1.06 (0.99–1.14) | 1.11 (1.03–1.20) | |||
$35,000–$44,999 | 1.00 (0.93–1.08) | 1.04 (0.96–1.12) | |||
≥ $45,000 | ref | ref | |||
Expected primary payer | private | ref | ref | ||
public | 1.10 (0.99–1.23) | 1.09 (0.98–1.21) | |||
other | 0.87 (0.78–0.97) | 0.87 (0.78–0.96) | |||
Admission source | emergency department | ref | ref | ||
other healthcare referral | 1.28 (1.19–1.38) | 1.29 (1.20–1.39) | |||
other | 1.03 (0.93–1.14) | 1.05 (0.95–1.16) | |||
Hospital type | teaching | 1.06 (0.99–1.14) | |||
other | ref | ||||
Pediatric discharge volume | 4–1,578 | 0.72 (0.65–0.80) | |||
1,579–3,471 | 0.73 (0.66–0.80) | ||||
3,472–6,582 | 0.79 (0.73–0.86) | ||||
6,583–22,785 | ref | ||||
Sample size | unweighted | 32,784 | 32,773 | 30,940 | 30,940 |
weighted | 62,555 | 62,533 | 57,791 | 57,791 |