Modeling human papillomavirus and cervical cancer in the United States for analyses of screening and vaccination

Table 1 Data sources used in model parameterization, calibration, and performance evaluation

Modeling Step	Sources
Parameterization	*HPV infection rates*
	Primary Articles: [23-27]
	Reviews: [14,20,21]
	*Progression rates to/within CIN*
	Primary Articles: [28-37]
	Reviews: [14,20,21,38,39]
	*Regression rates from CIN and HPV clearance rates*
	Primary Articles: [37,40,41]
	Reviews: [14,20,21,39]
	*Progression rates to/within cancer and cancer detection*
	Reviews: [14,20,21,42]
	*All-cause and cancer mortality rates*
	Reviews: [14,42,44]
Calibration	*Age-specific cervical cancer incidence*
	[43]
	*Cumulative cervical cancer incidence*
	[43,44]
	*Age-specific prevalence of high-risk and low-risk HPV*
	[45-61]
	*Age-specific prevalence of CIN1 and CIN2,3*
	[45,47,50,62-71]
	*HPV type distribution by CIN/cancer status*
	Primary Articles: [58,72-90]
	Review: [91-94]
	*Type-specific duration of HPV infections in younger and older women*
	[41]
Evaluation*	*Age-specific high-risk HPV prevalence and age-specific HSIL+ cytology prevalence*
	[95]
	*Proportion of CIN1 and CIN2,3 that are HPV-16 and HPV-18 or other high-risk HPV infected*
	[96]
	*Screening reduction in age-specific cancer incidence rates and cancer stage at detection*
	[43,97]

ISSN: 1478-7954