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Table 3 Associations of active ingredients (NCEs) with burden of disease (as measured by disability-adjusted life years and mortality) by region and country.

From: Does the development of new medicinal products in the European Union address global and regional health concerns?

 

Mortality

DALYs

 

Coefficient ρ

p-value

Coefficient ρ

p-value

Worldwide

.417

.076

.490*

.033

   High-income

.485*

.035

.606**

.006

   Low- and middle-income

.413

.079

.497*

.030

EU-25

.449

.054

.619**

.005

EU-15

.492*

.032

.603**

.006

   Austria

.491*

.033

.619**

.005

   Belgium

.554*

.014

.637**

.003

   Denmark

.441

.059

.562**

.012

   Finland

.334

.162

.376

.113

   France

.555*

.014

.612**

.005

   Germany

.455

.050

.657**

.002

   Greece

.495*

.031

.610**

.006

   Ireland

.484*

.036

.504*

.028

   Italy

.455*

.558

.641**

.003

   Luxembourg

.558*

.013

.585**

.008

   Netherlands

.483*

.036

.534*

.018

   Portugal

.476*

.039

.663**

.002

   Spain

.518*

.023

.620**

.005

   Sweden

.452

.052

.550*

.015

   United Kingdom

.476*

.039

.564*

.012

EU-10

.304

.206

.499*

.030

   Cyprus

.425

.070

.627**

.004

   Czech Republic

.337

.159

.487*

.035

   Estonia

.316

.188

.475*

.040

   Hungary

.373

.116

.501*

.029

   Latvia

.248

.306

.513*

.025

   Lithuania

.207

.394

.404

.086

   Malta

.328

.171

.578**

.010

   Poland

.304

.206

.571*

.011

   Slovakia

.326

.173

.547*

.015

   Slovenia

.344

.149

.492*

.032

  1. *p-value < .05 (bilateral); ** p-value < 0.01 (bilateral).
  2. EU-25 = all 25 EU countries in 2004. EU-15 = established EU countries. EU-10 = 10 newly joined EU countries. Data represent Spearman's rank correlation coefficients (ρ). DALYs = disability-adjusted life years.
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Population Health Metrics

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