Table 3 HIV prevalence, with corresponding coefficient estimates and 95 % confidence intervals from probit regression model among subjects who accepted HIV testing, MDHS 2010
Frequencies for sub-sample with HIV results (%) | Regression coefficients (95 % CI) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Negative – n (%) | Positive – n (%) | Total | Unadjusted | Adjusted | |
Overall | 12,249 (89.84) | 1,384 (10.16) | 13,633 | −2.05 (−2.31; −1.80) | |
Gender | |||||
Male | 5,716 (92.06) | 493 (7.94) | 6,208 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Female | 6,533 (87.99) | 892 (12.01) | 7,425 | 0.24 (0.18; 0.29) | 0.22 (0.14; 0.30) |
Age (years) | |||||
15–19 | 3,217 (97.81) | 72 (2.19) | 3,289 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
20–24 | 2,413 (95.00) | 127 (5.00) | 2,540 | 0.37 (0.25; 0.50) | 0.21 (0.04; 0.38) |
25–29 | 2,131 (90.18) | 232 (9.82) | 2,363 | 0.72 (0.61; 0.84) | 0.50 (0.33; 0.67) |
30–34 | 1,575 (84.63) | 286 (15.37) | 1,861 | 1.00 (0.88; 1.11) | 0.77 (0.60; 0.94) |
35–39 | 1,223 (80.41) | 298 (19.59) | 1,521 | 1.16 (1.04; 1.28) | 0.96 (0.78; 1.13) |
40–44 | 876 (80.66) | 210 (19.34) | 1,086 | 1.15 (1.02; 1.28) | 0.91 (0.72; 1.09) |
45–49 | 814 (83.66) | 159 (16.34) | 973 | 1.04 (0.90; 1.17) | 0.81 (0.62; 1.00) |
Residence | |||||
Urban | 1,545 (82.53) | 327 (17.47) | 1,872 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Rural | 10,704 (91.00) | 1,058 (9.00) | 11,761 | −0.41 (−0.48; −0.33) | −0.41 (−0.50; −0.32) |
Education | |||||
No education | 1,270 (86.81) | 193 (13.19) | 1,463 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Primary | 8,141 (90.46) | 859 (9.54) | 9,000 | −0.19 (−0.28; −0.10) | 0.07 (−0.03; 0.17) |
Secondary plus | 2,810 (89.58) | 327 (10.42) | 3,137 | −0.14 (−0.24; −0.04) | 0.11 (−0.02; 0.24) |
Missing | 28 (84.85) | 5 (15.15) | 33 | 0.09 (−0.44; 0.61) | 0.23 (−0.37; 0.82) |
Employment | |||||
Not working | 2,571 (93.46) | 180 (6.54) | 2,751 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Professional/tech/manag | 236 (80.00) | 59 (20.00) | 295 | 0.67 (0.49; 0.85) | 0.23 (0.02; 0.44) |
Sales | 1,426 (84.53) | 261 (15.47) | 1,687 | 0.49 (0.39; 0.60) | 0.20 (0.07; 0.32) |
Agriculture | 5,672 (91.81) | 506 (8.19) | 6,178 | 0.12 (0.03; 0.20) | −0.01 (−0.11; 0.10) |
Skilled manual | 1,070 (86.22) | 171 (13.78) | 1,241 | 0.42 (0.31; 0.53) | 0.21 (0.07; 0.35) |
Others | 1,215 (85.62) | 204 (14.38) | 1,419 | 0.45 (0.34; 0.56) | 0.20 (0.07; 0.33) |
Marital status | |||||
Married | 7,505 (89.01) | 927 (10.99) | 8,432 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Divorced | 648 (75.97) | 205 (24.03) | 853 | 0.52 (0.42; 0.62) | 0.39 (0.25; 0.52) |
Widowed | 158 (52.15) | 145 (47.85) | 303 | 1.17 (1.03; 1.32) | 0.83 (0.64; 1.01) |
Single | 3,824 (97.43) | 101 (2.57) | 3,925 | −0.72 (−0.81; −0.63) | −0.37 (−0.54; −0.19) |
Missing | 114 (95.00) | 6 (5.00) | 120 | −0.42 (−0.80; −004) | −0.09 (−0.59; 0.40) |
Religion | |||||
Catholic | 2,625 (90.39) | 279 (9.61) | 2,904 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
CCAP | 2,018 (91.56) | 186 (8.44) | 2,204 | −0.07 (−0.17; 0.03) | −0.02 (−0.13; 0.10) |
Anglican | 385 (88.91) | 48 (11.09) | 433 | 0.08 (−0.09; 0.25) | 0.14 (−0.06; 0.34) |
Seventh Day | 885 (87.71) | 124 (12.29) | 1,009 | 0.14 (0.03; 0.26) | 0.06 (−0.08; 0.19) |
Other Christian | 4,796 (89.48) | 564 (10.52) | 5,360 | 0.05 (−0.03; 0.13) | 0.05 (−0.04; 0.14) |
Muslim | 1,212 (88.66) | 155 (11.34) | 1,367 | 0.10 (−0.01; 0.20) | −0.05 (−0.21; 0.12) |
No religion | 184 (92.00) | 16 (8.00) | 200 | −0.10 (−0.36; 0.16) | −0.21 (−0.52; 0.10) |
Missing | 85 (90.43) | 9 (9.57) | 94 | −0.002 (−0.36; 0.35) | 0.18 (−0.19; 0.56) |
Ethnicity | |||||
Chewa | 3,812 (93.55) | 263 (6.45) | 4,075 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Tumbuka | 1,269 (93.04) | 95 (6.96) | 1,364 | 0.04 (−0.08; 0.16) | −0.07 (−0.20; 0.07) |
Lomwe | 1,921 (83.67) | 375 (16.33) | 2,296 | 0.54 (0.45; 0.62) | 0.54 (0.44; 0.64) |
Tonga | 431 (89.98) | 48 (10.02) | 479 | 0.24 (0.07; 0.40) | 0.16 (−0.03; 0.35) |
Yao | 1,193 (87.27) | 174 (12.73) | 1,367 | 0.38 (0.27; 0.48) | 0.38 (0.23; 0.54) |
Sena | 673 (88.20) | 90 (11.80) | 763 | 0.33 (0.20; 0.46) | 0.34 (0.19; 0.49) |
Nkhonde | 199 (91.71) | 18 (8.29) | 217 | 0.13 (−0.12; 0.38) | −0.08 (−0.36; 0.21) |
Ngoni | 1,659 (89.24) | 200 (10.76) | 1,859 | 0.28 (0.18; 0.38) | 0.21 (0.10; 0.32) |
Mang’anja | 311 (85.44) | 53 (14.56) | 364 | 0.46 (0.29; 0.63) | 0.43 (0.24; 0.61) |
Others | 346 (88.72) | 44 (11.28) | 390 | 0.31 (0.13; 0.48) | 0.21 (0.02; 0.41) |
Missing | 376 (94.71) | 21 (5.29) | 397 | −0.10 (−0.31; 0.11) | −0.23 (−0.47; 0.01) |
Condom use | |||||
No | 7,712 (90.20) | 838 (9.80) | 8,550 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Yes | 1,191 (82.02) | 261 (17.98) | 1,452 | 0.38 (0.29; 0.46) | 0.59 (0.49; 0.69) |
Missing | 1,404 (84.63) | 255 (15.37) | 1,659 | 0.27 (0.19; 0.35) | 0.17 (0.02; 0.32) |
Age at first sex | |||||
Less than 15 | 2,037 (88.14) | 274 (11.86) | 2,311 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
15–19 | 6,082 (88.43) | 796 (11.57) | 6,878 | −0.01 (−0.09; 0.06) | −0.07 (−0.16; 0.01) |
20 and above | 1,754 (89.90) | 197 (10.10) | 1,951 | −0.09 (−0.19; 0.01) | −0.21 (−0.33; 0.10) |
Missing | 434 (83.30) | 87 (16.70) | 521 | 0.22 (0.07; 0.36) | −0.01 (−0.17; 0.15) |
Multiple sex partners | |||||
No | 8,198 (89.08) | 1,005 (10.92) | 9,203 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Yes | 573 (86.17) | 92 (13.83) | 665 | 0.14 (0.02; 0.27) | 0.27 (0.08; 0.47) |
No sex past 12 months | 1,536 (85.71) | 256 (14.29) | 1,792 | 0.16 (0.08; 0.24) | 0.01 (−0.12; 0.14) |
Risk sex in 12 months | |||||
No incl. no sex past 12 months | 8,562 (88.20) | 1,146 (11.80) | 9,708 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Yes | 1,730 (89.31) | 207 (10.69) | 1,937 | −0.06 (−0.14; 0.02) | −0.05 (−0.22; 0.12) |