|
Risk factor
|
Total
|
(95% UI)
|
CVDa
|
(95% UI)
|
Cancer
|
(95% UI)
|
Diabetes
|
(95% UI)
|
Chronic liver disease
|
(95% UI)
|
Other NCDs and injuryb
|
(95% UI)
|
|---|
|
Overall
|
|
High blood pressure
|
11,190
|
(8,190–14,190)
|
11,190
|
(8,190–14,190)
| | | | | | | | |
|
High total cholesterol
|
2,070
|
(1,300–2,830)
|
2,070
|
(1,300–2,830)
| | | | | | | |
|
High blood glucose
|
14,900
|
(11,850–17,960)
|
4,090
|
(2,120–6,070)
| | |
10,160
| | | |
650
|
(410–890)
|
|
Overweight/obesity
|
7,610
|
(6,040–9,190)
|
4,050
|
(3,060–5,050)
|
120
|
(60–190)
|
3,440
|
(2,700–4,170)
| | | | |
|
Dietary risks
|
7,890
|
(5,970–9,810)
|
5,950
|
(4,500–7,410)
|
1,940
|
(1,470–2,410)
| | | | | |
|
Tobacco smoking
|
13,400
|
(10,330–16,450)
|
3,390
|
(1,590–5,170)
|
7,060
|
(3,420–10,680)
|
790
|
(230–1,340)
|
970
|
(490–1,430)
|
1,190
|
(420–1,930)
|
|
Alcohol use
|
6,350
|
(5,730–6,970)
|
−60c
|
(−250–130)
|
3,770
|
(3,550–4,000)
|
−150c
|
(−190– − 110)
|
1,910
|
(1,680–2,130)
|
880
|
(800–960)
|
|
Betel nut use
|
1,780
|
(1,190–2,360)
| | |
1,780
|
(1,190–2,360)
| | | | | | |
|
Physical inactivity
|
7,400
|
(6,670–8,130)
|
4,560
|
(3,990–5,120)
|
1,130
|
(950–1,300)
|
1,710
|
(1,370–2,060)
| | | |
|
Ambient PM pollution
|
8,600
|
(7,370–9,840)
|
6,290
|
(5,470–7,110)
|
1,580
|
(1,290–1,870)
| | | | |
730
|
(610–850)
|
|
Hepatitis B virus
|
6,300
|
(5,610–6,980)
| | |
4,050
|
(3,680–4,410)
| | |
2,250
|
(1,700–2,800)
| | |
|
Hepatitis C virus
|
3,170
|
(1,860–4,490)
| | |
2,940
|
(1,730–4,150)
| | |
230
|
(20–450)
| | |
|
Joint cardiometabolic risks
|
12,120
|
(11,220–13,020)
|
12,120
|
(11,220–13,020)
| | | | | | | | |
|
Men
|
|
High blood pressure
|
6,280
|
(4,640–7,920)
|
6,280
|
(4,640–7,920)
| | | | | | | | |
|
High total cholesterol
|
1,260
|
(800–1,720)
|
1,260
|
(800–1,720)
| | | | | | | |
|
High blood glucose
|
7,460
|
(5,870–9,050)
|
2,260
|
(1,160–3,360)
| | |
4,920
| | | |
280
|
(170–380)
|
|
Overweight/obesity
|
4,360
|
(3,480–5,240)
|
2,540
|
(1,950–3,130)
|
50
|
(20–80)
|
1,770
|
(1,400–2,140)
| | | | |
|
Dietary risks
|
5,460
|
(4,150–6,770)
|
3,950
|
(3,000–4,910)
|
1,510
|
(1,140–1,870)
| | | | | |
|
Tobacco smoking
|
11,500
|
(9,260–13,730)
|
2,720
|
(1,330–4,110)
|
5,950
|
(3,200–8,700)
|
790
|
(230–1,340)
|
960
|
(490–1,430)
|
1,080
|
(470–1,690)
|
|
Alcohol use
|
6,030
|
(5,560–6,500)
|
260
|
(160–370)
|
3,330
|
(3,160–3,500)
|
−70c
|
(−100– −40)
|
1,730
|
(1,560–1,900)
|
780
|
(710–840)
|
|
Betel nut use
|
1,780
|
(1,190–2,360)
| | |
1,780
|
(1,190–2,360)
| | | | | | |
|
Physical inactivity
|
4,100
|
(3,720–4,490)
|
2,800
|
(2,470–3,120)
|
450
|
(390–510)
|
850
|
(690–1,020)
| | | |
|
Ambient PM pollution
|
5,550
|
(3,530–5,740)
|
3,920
|
(3,420–4,430)
|
1,060
|
(860–1,250)
| | | | |
570
|
(470–660)
|
|
Hepatitis B virus
|
4,650
|
(4,150–5,130)
| | |
2,920
|
(2,670–3,160)
| | |
1,730
|
(1,330–2,130)
| | |
|
Hepatitis C virus
|
2,050
|
(1,150–2,950)
| | |
1,910
|
(1,080–2,750)
| | |
140
|
(10–270)
| |
|
Joint cardiometabolic risks
|
6,880
|
(6,430–7,330)
|
6,880
|
(6,430–7,330)
| | | | | | | |
|
Women
|
|
High blood pressure
|
4,910
|
(3,550–6,270)
|
4,910
|
(3,550–6,270)
| | | | | | | | |
|
High total cholesterol
|
810
|
(500–1,120)
|
810
|
(500–1,120)
| | | | | | | |
|
High blood glucose
|
7,440
|
(5,980–8,910)
|
1,830
|
(960–2,710)
| | |
5,240
| | | |
370
|
(240–510)
|
|
Overweight/obesity
|
3,250
|
(2,560–3,950)
|
1,520
|
(1,120–1,920)
|
70
|
(40–110)
|
1,660
|
(1,300–2,030)
| | | | |
|
Dietary risks
|
2,430
|
(1,820–3,040)
|
2,000
|
(1,490–2,500)
|
430
|
(330–540)
| | | | | |
|
Tobacco smoking
|
1,900
|
(1,070–2,720)
|
660
|
(260–1,060)
|
1,140
|
(220–1,980)
| | | | |
100
|
(−40–250)
|
|
Alcohol use
|
320
|
(160–470)
|
−320c
|
(−410– − 230)
|
440
|
(390–490)
|
−80c
|
(−90– − 70)
|
180
|
(120–230)
|
100
|
(90–110)
|
|
Betel nut use
|
0
| | | | | | | | | | | |
|
Physical inactivity
|
3,300
|
(2,950–3,640)
|
1,760
|
(1,520–2,000)
|
680
|
(560–780)
|
860
|
(680–1,040)
| | | | |
|
Ambient PM pollution
|
3,050
|
(2,610–3,500)
|
2,370
|
(2,050–2,680)
|
520
|
(420–620)
| | | | |
160
|
(140–190)
|
|
Hepatitis B virus
|
1,650
|
(1,460–1,850)
| | |
1,130
|
(1,020–1,250)
| | |
520
|
(370–670)
| | |
|
Hepatitis C virus
|
1,120
|
(700–1,540)
| | |
1,030
|
(650–1,400)
| | |
90
|
(10–180)
| |
|
Joint cardiometabolic risks
|
5,240
|
(4,790–5,680)
|
5,240
|
(4,790–5,680)
| | | | | | | |
-
a
CVD cardiovascular diseases, b
NCD non-communicable disease, other NCDs include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, alcohol abuse; injury: accidental injury and suicide
-
cModerate alcohol consumption has been shown to reduce the risk of death from some causes, resulting a negative numbers of attributable deaths in our analysis
