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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients by lack of awareness of diabetes, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia

From: Prevalence, determinants and association of unawareness of diabetes, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia with poor disease control in a multi-ethnic Asian population without cardiovascular disease

 

Diabetes

Hypertension

Hypercholesterolemia

 

Mean (SD)/N (%)

Mean (SD)/N (%)

Mean (SD)/N (%)

Variable

Aware

(N = 1649)

Unaware

(N = 731)

P value

Aware

(N = 3067)

Unaware

(N = 2319)

P value

Aware

(N = 2132)

Unaware

(N = 1475)

P value

Age (years)

62.0 (9.59)

59.2 (10.4)

< 0.001

62.8 (9.67)

59.7 (10.4)

< 0.001

61.6 (9.52)

59.0 (10.2)

< 0.001

Body mass index (kg/m2)

26.7 (4.58)

27.3 (4.98)

0.001

26.5 (4.81)

25.3 (4.54)

< 0.001

26.0 (4.42)

25.3 (4.54)

< 0.001

Number of self-reported comorbid conditions*

0.61 (0.75)

0.39 (0.61)

< 0.001

0.54 (0.72)

0.40 (0.62)

< 0.001

0.56 (0.74)

0.37 (0.59)

< 0.001

Self-reported hypercholesterolemia

998 (61.9)

216 (30.4)

< 0.001

1701 (57.0)

424 (18.6)

< 0.001

Self-reported hypertension

1008 (61.2)

270 (37.1)

< 0.001

1337 (62.9)

328 (22.3)

< 0.001

Self-reported diabetes

1008 (33.0)

329 (14.2)

< 0.001

770 (36.2)

180 (12.2)

< 0.001

Gender

 Male

759 (46.0)

376 (51.4)

0.015

1354 (44.1)

1180 (50.9)

< 0.001

928 (43.5)

660 (44.7)

0.5

 Female

890 (54.0)

355 (48.6)

 

1713 (55.9)

1139 (49.1)

 

1204 (56.5)

815 (55.3)

 

Race

 Malay

519 (31.5)

337 (46.1)

< 0.001

1022 (33.3)

931 (40.1)

< 0.001

470 (22.0)

602 (40.8)

< 0.001

 Indian

771 (46.8)

249 (34.1)

 

968 (31.6)

641 (27.6)

 

796 (37.3)

393 (26.6)

 

 Chinese

359 (21.8)

145 (19.8)

 

1077 (35.1)

747 (32.2)

 

866 (40.6)

480 (32.5)

 

Income < S$1000

1059 (65.2)

406 (56.7)

< 0.001

1956 (65.0)

1328 (58.2)

< 0.001

1229 (58.8)

843 (57.9)

0.6

≤ 6 years education

1139 (69.1)

494 (67.6)

0.5

2117 (69.1)

1520 (65.6)

0.007

1308 (61.4)

960 (65.1)

0.022

Current smoker

190 (11.5)

129 (17.6)

< 0.001

311 (10.2)

402 (17.4)

< 0.001

214 (10.1)

275 (18.7)

< 0.001

Alcohol drinker

117 (7.12)

46 (6.29)

0.5

221 (7.22)

214 (9.24)

0.007

168 (7.88)

98 (6.66)

0.2

Lives alone

94 (5.71)

34 (4.66)

0.3

165 (5.40)

107 (4.62)

0.2

107 (5.03)

80 (5.44)

0.6

Works outdoor

92 (5.58)

46 (6.29)

0.5

154 (5.02)

153 (6.60)

0.014

101 (4.74)

102 (6.92)

0.005

Occupation

 Professionals and office workers

224 (13.6)

129 (17.6)

< 0.001

430 (14.0)

376 (16.2)

< 0.001

411 (19.3)

227 (15.4)

< 0.001

 Service workers, production workers or cleaners

432 (26.2)

241 (33.0)

 

808 (26.4)

738 (31.8)

 

568 (26.7)

491 (33.3)

 

 Homemakers, retirees, unemployed or others

992 (60.2)

361 (49.4)

 

1827 (59.6)

1205 (52.0)

 

1152 (54.1)

757 (51.3)

 

Marital Status

 Never married

63 (3.83)

35 (4.79)

0.003

142 (4.63)

128 (5.53)

< 0.001

99 (4.65)

102 (6.92)

0.006

 Married

1225 (74.4)

580 (79.5)

 

2251 (73.4)

1784 (77.1)

 

1638 (76.9)

1090 (74.0)

 

 Separated or divorced

53 (3.22)

24 (3.29)

 

102 (3.33)

94 (4.06)

 

72 (3.38)

67 (4.55)

 

 Widowed

306 (18.6)

91 (12.5)

 

570 (18.6)

309 (13.3)

 

322 (15.1)

214 (14.5)

 

Housing

 5 room HDB and above

426 (25.8)

196 (26.8)

0.6

863 (28.2)

621 (26.8)

0.3

712 (33.4)

384 (26.1)

< 0.001

 3-4 room HDB or less

1222 (74.2)

535 (73.2)

 

2200 (71.8)

1697 (73.2)

 

1418 (66.6)

1090 (73.9)

 
  1. HDB Housing Development Board
  2. *Includes ocular (cataract, myopia, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, eye trauma) and systemic non-CVD (e.g. thyroid disease) conditions
  3. Values in italics: P <0.05