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Table 3 Liver-related disease death rate difference (RD) and rate ratio (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) between 2008 and 2018 according to underlying and multiple cause of death (UCOD and MCOD) data

From: Changes in liver-related mortality by etiology and sequelae: underlying versus multiple causes of death

 

20-44 years

45-64 years

65-74 years

75+ years

Liver-related disease

RD

RR

(95% CI)

RD

RR

(95% CI)

RD

RR

(95% CI)

RD

RR

(95% CI)

Overall

 UCOD

0.52

1.11

(1.06–1.15)

2.89

1.06

(1.04–1.08)

18.24

1.29

(1.26–1.31)

9.65

1.12

(1.09–1.13)

 MCOD

0.98

1.13

(1.09–1.15)

9.38

1.14

(1.12–1.14)

37.26

1.34

(1.31–1.35)

32.15

1.21

(1.19–1.22)

Overall (excluding secondary liver cancer)

 UCOD

0.54

1.11

(1.07–1.15)

2.81

1.06

(1.04–1.07)

18.59

1.31

(1.27–1.33)

11.48

1.15

(1.12–1.17)

 MCOD

0.56

1.07

(1.04–1.10)

4.69

1.07

(1.06–1.08)

28.44

1.31

(1.28–1.33)

18.67

1.16

(1.13–1.17)

Etiology

 Hepatitis C virus

  UCOD

−0.26

0.37

(0.30–0.43)

−3.43

0.47

(0.44–0.48)

−0.21

0.94

(0.85–1.03)

−1.54

0.54

(0.46–0.60)

  MCOD

−0.31

0.68

(0.61–0.74)

−3.74

0.75

(0.72–0.76)

6.24

1.75

(1.65–1.85)

−1.64

0.77

(0.71–0.83)

 Other hepatitis

  UCOD

−0.01

0.86

(0.60–1.11)

−0.19

0.69

(0.59–0.77)

−0.10

0.85

(0.65–1.03)

−0.28

0.71

(0.55–0.86)

  MCOD

−0.03

0.88

(0.72–1.04)

−0.36

0.79

(0.72–0.84)

0.34

1.20

(1.04–1.35)

−0.08

0.96

(0.82–1.09)

 Alcoholic liver disease

  UCOD

0.90

1.43

(1.35–1.51)

4.45

1.36

(1.32–1.39)

4.33

1.43

(1.35–1.50)

1.49

1.31

(1.19–1.41)

  MCOD

1.05

1.40

(1.33–1.47)

5.41

1.33

(1.29–1.35)

6.87

1.52

(1.45–1.58)

2.64

1.40

(1.30–1.50)

 Other diseases of liver

            

  UCOD

−0.10

0.82

(0.71–0.91)

−0.09

0.98

(0.92–1.02)

2.42

1.41

(1.31–1.51)

3.60

1.49

(1.38–1.58)

  MCOD

0.03

1.02

(0.94–1.08)

0.64

1.07

(1.03–1.09)

6.32

1.45

(1.38–1.50)

7.66

1.43

(1.37–1.49)

Sequelae

 Primary liver cancer

  UCOD

0.01

1.03

(0.89–1.15)

1.74

1.19

(1.15–1.22)

10.03

1.50

(1.44–1.55)

5.31

1.15

(1.11–1.18)

  MCOD

0.00

1.00

(0.87–1.13)

2.11

1.21

(1.17–1.24)

11.37

1.53

(1.47–1.57)

6.56

1.17

(1.13–1.21)

 Secondary liver cancer

  UCOD

−0.02

0.46

(0.20–0.71)

0.05

1.08

(0.95–1.21)

−0.25

0.89

(0.78–0.99)

−1.78

0.69

(0.62–0.75)

  MCOD

0.31

1.56

(1.40–1.72)

4.73

1.67

(1.61–1.72)

9.87

1.44

(1.39–1.49)

13.96

1.38

(1.33–1.42)

 Cirrhosis

  UCOD

0.01

1.01

(0.91–1.10)

0.62

1.07

(1.03–1.10)

1.91

1.12

(1.06–1.16)

2.79

1.13

(1.08–1.17)

  MCOD

0.00

1.00

(0.93–1.06)

1.77

1.09

(1.06–1.11)

10.97

1.35

(1.30–1.38)

9.97

1.25

(1.21–1.29)

 Esophageal varices

  UCOD

−0.01

0.74

(0.28–1.19)

0.01

1.11

(0.80–1.40)

0.01

1.05

(0.54–1.55)

−0.01

0.93

(0.49–1.37)

  MCOD

0.01

1.04

(0.88–1.19)

0.36

1.17

(1.09–1.24)

0.96

1.58

(1.37–1.77)

0.39

1.24

(1.05–1.41)

 Hepatic failure

  UCOD

0.00

1.00

(0.84–1.14)

−0.28

0.89

(0.83–0.94)

0.12

1.03

(0.93–1.12)

0.06

1.01

(0.92–1.10)

  MCOD

0.06

1.03

(0.96–1.09)

−1.23

0.92

(0.89–0.94)

−1.03

0.96

(0.92–0.99)

−3.35

0.89

(0.85–0.92)