Imputation method | 5% missing | 10% missing | 15% missing | 20% missing | 25% missing | 30% missing |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Complete data | < 2.2E−16 | < 2.2E−16 | < 2.2E−16 | < 2.2E−16 | < 2.2E−16 | < 2.2E−16 |
Mean | 4.00E−14 | 5.71E−12 | 1.40E−07 | 4.59E−05 | 2.84E−04 | 6.13E−04 |
Exclusion and interpolation | < 2.2E−16 | < 2.2E−16 | < 2.2E−16 | < 2.2E−16 | < 2.2E−16 | 5.21E−15 |
Random forest | < 2.2E−16 | 5.60E−16 | 3.28E−15 | 3.99E−13 | 1.36E−05 | 8.09E−10 |
Multiple imputation | < 2.2E−16 | < 2.2E−16 | < 2.2E−16 | 5.36E−11 | 5.76E−09 | 4.70E−12 |
k-NN | < 2.2E−16 | < 2.2E−16 | 2.15E−15 | 4.70E−14 | 7.23E−13 | 1.08E−08 |
Seasonal decomposition | 2.51E−15 | 2.51E−15 | 3.74E−15 | 3.84E−11 | 1.10E−10 | 3.33E−10 |