Developing the design of a continuous national health survey for New Zealand

Table 1 Results for key indicators by ethnicity from year 1 of the survey

Indicator	All ethnicities				Māori				Pacific
	Prevalence (%) (a)	SE (%) (b)	Intra-class correlation (c)	Design effect (d)	Prevalence (%) (a)	SE (%) (b)	Intra-class correlation (c)	Design effect (d)	Prevalence (%) (a)	SE (%) (b)	Intra-class correlation (c)	Design effect (d)
Excellent, very good, or good self-rated health	89.3	0.37	0.02	1.80	83.4	0.93	0.02	0.99	86.6	1.68	0.02	1.77
Current smoking	18.4	0.49	0.04	1.97	40.6	1.42	0.04	1.32	26.2	1.83	0.04	1.27
Meets vegetable (3+ servings) and fruit (2+ servings) daily intake guidelines	44.2	0.87	0.06	3.84	37.1	1.25	0.06	1.06	29.9	2.49	0.06	2.16
Physically active	54.4	1.27	0.21	8.15	58.1	1.71	0.21	1.88	47.4	2.60	0.21	1.97
Obese	28.4	0.62	0.03	2.03	44.2	1.34	0.03	0.98	61.7	2.78	0.03	2.03
High blood pressure (medicated)	15.8	0.40	0.01	1.48	13.2	0.83	0.01	0.96	10.9	1.10	0.01	0.91
Diagnosed depression, bipolar disorder, and/or anxiety disorder	16.2	0.46	0.02	1.98	16.1	1.02	0.02	1.23	6.8	1.05	0.02	1.27
Diagnosed diabetes	5.5	0.24	0.02	1.35	7.4	0.66	0.02	1.00	10.3	1.14	0.02	1.03
Visited a GP in the past 12 months	78.5	0.49	0.02	1.79	75.2	1.35	0.02	1.56	75.7	2.04	0.02	1.65
Experienced unmet need for primary health care in the past 12 months	26.6	0.61	0.07	2.42	39.1	1.44	0.07	1.38	30.3	2.33	0.07	1.87
Visited a dental health care worker in past 12 months (dentate adults)	48.6	0.67	0.04	2.00	37.6	1.59	0.04	1.49	32.8	2.07	0.04	1.24

a: calculated using survey weights.
b: calculated using jack-knife replicate weights reflecting complex sample design and weighting, as used in production of standard errors in survey publications.
c: estimated by fitting a linear mixed model using the lme4 package in the R statistical environment.
d: calculated by dividing b by the estimated variance under simple random sampling from the whole adult population.

ISSN: 1478-7954