Population Health Metrics

Table 2 Differentials in maternal mortality ratio, South Africa 2001 census.

From: Maternal mortality in South Africa in 2001: From demographic census to epidemiological investigation

				95% Confidence interval
Variable	Category	Maternal deaths (N)	MMR, per 100,000 live births	Min	Max	Relative risk
Total	Total	508	551	505	601
Residence	Urban	249	505	446	572	1.00
	Rural	259	604	535	682	1.20
Province	Kwazulu Natal	152	772	659	905	3.15
	North-West	57	751	579	974	3.07
	Eastern Cape	88	712	578	877	2.91
	Free State	34	654	467	915	2.67
	Mpumalanga	37	519	376	716	2.12
	Gauteng	7	415	198	871	1.69
	Northern Cape	70	395	313	499	1.61
	Limpopo	41	347	256	471	1.42
	Western Cape	22	245	161	372	1.00
Race	Black/African	478	614	561	672	9.16
	Coloured	24	284	190	424	4.24
	Indian/Asian	3	200	65	620	2.99
	White/European	3	67	22	208	1.00
Language	IsiZulu	183	759	657	877	7.23
	IsiXhosa	114	683	568	821	6.50
	SeSotho	47	642	482	854	6.11
	SeTswana	50	634	481	837	6.04
	IsiNdebele	8	541	271	1082	5.15
	XiTsonga	22	449	296	682	4.28
	SePedi	39	426	311	583	4.06
	SiSwati	12	416	236	733	3.96
	TshiVenda	2	81	20	324	0.77
	Afrikaans	24	236	158	352	2.25
	English	5	105	44	252	1.00
Education	0–4 years	52	899	685	1180	2.35
	5–8 years	121	753	630	900	1.97
	9–11 years	183	598	517	691	1.57
	12+ years	152	382	326	448	1.00
Income	None declared	142	650	551	766	3.13
	< 2400 Rd	181	587	507	679	2.82
	2400–4800 Rd	96	674	552	823	3.24
	4800–9600 Rd	52	482	367	633	2.32
	9600–28800 Rd	25	286	193	423	1.38
	> 28800 Rd	12	208	118	366	1.00
Wealth index (nb items)
	0	12	899	511	1583	1.20
	1	23	524	348	789	0.70
	2	37	536	388	740	0.71
	3	38	497	362	683	0.66
	4	51	672	511	884	0.90
	5	46	651	488	869	0.87
	6 (ref.)	49	750	567	992	1.00
	7	43	695	515	937	0.93
	8	40	657	482	896	0.88
	9	41	661	487	898	0.88
	10	29	477	331	686	0.64
	11	29	452	314	650	0.60
	12	36	505	364	700	0.67
	13	23	353	235	531	0.47
	14	10	249	134	463	0.33
	15	1	47	7	334	0.06

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