Table 1 Study characteristics
From: Assessment of pre-injury health-related quality of life: a systematic review
Author, year, country, design | Type of injury | Setting | Study sample | Instrument | Assessment | Focus of pre-injury and follow-up assessments | Analysis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cohort | Inclusion /Exclusion N (response); age; % men; severity | Method Timing | Comparison groups | ||||
Alghnam, 2014, US [18] A | Motor vehicle injury vs no MVC | Medical expenditure panel survey (MEPS) | 18 + y N = 993; MVC: 18-45y 68%; 46% No MVC: 18-45y 51%; 47% | SF-12 | Questionnaires Pre: prospective Post: max 9 m | NR | MVC vs no MVC |
Andrew, 2012, Australia [26] A | Orthopedic injury (sport/recreation) | Trauma services/Hospital (VOTOR) | 18-75y N = 317 (73%); 40y (13); 73% ISS > 15 19% | SF-36 (v2) | Telephone interviews Pre: 1-2w Post: 12 m | Pre: 4w before injury Post: NR | Type of sport/recreation |
Beaupre, 2012, Canada [30] A | Hip fracture | Nursing home facilities | 65 + y; Previously ambulatory nursing home residents N = 60 (65%); 87y (8), 62–104; 30% | EQ-5D | (Telephone) Interviews Pre: NR Post: 3 m, 6 m, 12 m | Pre: just before injury Post: NR | Survival status |
Brussoni, 2013, Canada [31] D | General injury | Pediatric ED/hospital | 0-16y N = 232 (67%); 0-4y 33%, 5-16y 67%; 61% boys | EQ-5D (3 L, VAS) | Questionnaires (child/proxy) | Pre: 1d before injury Post: NR | Length of hospital stay |
Buecking, 2014, Germany [35] A | Hip fracture (Proximal femoral) | Hospital/Surgical fracture treatment | >60y; No ISS ≥ 16; No malignancy-related fractures N = 350 (65%); 81y (8), 60–99; 73% | EQ-5D (3 L, VAS) German norms | Questionnaires Pre: at admission Post: at discharge | Pre: before injury Post: current status | |
Busse, 2012, Canada [32] E | Tibia fracture | Multicenter (SPRINT) | Operative fixation intramedullary nail N = 1319; 39y (16); 74% | SF-36 | Questionnaires Pre: at the time of enrollment Post: 2w, 12 m | Pre: before injury Post: NR | |
Ding, 2006, US [19] A | Extremity fracture (Long bone or pelvic) | Pediatric hospital | 5-15y, Hospitalized ≥1d; No TBI N = 100 (85%); 10y (3); 66%; NISS: 8 (5) | PedsQL | Telephone interviews Pre: soon after injury (median 9d) Post: 3 m, 12 m | Pre: before injury Post: post-injury | Upper/lower extremity; HRQL domains |
Dvorak, 2005, Canada [33] B,C | Vertebral fracture (C1, Jefferson) | Databases | 18 + y; No neurological injury; Disruption of anterior and posterior atlantal arches N = 34 (60%); 48y (21); 68% | SF-36 Canadian norms | Questionnaire (by mail/phone) Not reported | Pre: before injury Post: current status | Canadian norms |
Fauerbach, 1999, US [20] A | Burn injury | Burn center | Adults N = 86; 42y (15); 78 | SF-36 | Questionnaire Pre: first 73 h after admission Post: 2 m after discharge | Pre: month before injury Post: past month | Post Traumatic Distress (PTD) vs no PTD; HRQL domains; US norms |
Gabbe, 2007, Australia [6] A | Orthopedic injury | Hospital (VOTOR) | 18 + y; New orthopedic injury N = 1839 (77%); 45y, 21–65; 60% | SF-12 | Interviews/Questionnaires Pre: in-hospital/soon after discharge Post: NA | Pre: week before injury Post: NA | Men vs women Australian norms |
Greenspan, 2002, US [21] A | Gunshot injury | Hospital | 18-64y; <24 h after injury N = 60 (38%); 30y (9); 92% ISS 1–9 57%; MAIS 3 48% | SF-36 | (Telephone) Interviews Pre: in-hospital/soon after discharge Post: 8 m after discharge | Pre: pre-injury status Post: current status | HRQL domains; UK norms |
Griffin, 2015, UK [36] A | Hip fracture | Hospital | 60 + y; operatively managed N = 741 (83%); 80 + y 67%; 25% | EQ-5D (3 L) | (Telephone) Interviews No response: questionnaires (post) Pre: in-hospital/soon after discharge Post: 4w, 4 m, 12 m | Pre: pre-injury status Post: NR | Age |
Gross, 2012, Switzerland [44]A | TBI vs no TBI | ICU | ≥2 AIS regions, ISS > 16; GCS < 14, AISH > 2 No secondarily admissions N = 170 (65%); 40y (21); 75% ISS 28 (8); GCS 11 (5) | EQ-5D (3 L, VAS) German norms SF-36 (v1) | Postal questionnaires Pre & post: 2y | Pre: pre-injury status Post: post-injury status | TBI vs non-TBI |
Hagino, 2009, Japan [37]A | Hip fracture Vertebral fracture Wrist fracture | Hospital | Women; 45 + y; No malignancy-related fractures; Lower-energy; Minor trauma N = 122; Hip 76 (10), 49–91; Vertebral 73 (10), 48–91; Wrist 69 (10), 49-88 | EQ-5D Japanese norms | Questionnaires Pre: first visit/admission Post: 2w, 3 m, 6 m, 12 m | Pre: period before injury Post: NR | Hip vs vertebral vs wrist |
Innocenti, 2015, Italy [43] A | General injury | ED-HDU | N = 153 (51%); 54y (22); 67% ISS 12 (9) | SF-12 Italian norms | Telephone interviews Pre & post: 6 m after ED discharge | Pre: before injury Post: current status | Change HRQL domains Italian norms |
Jaglal, 2000, Canada [34] E | Hip fracture | Hospital | Living independently; No cognitive impairment N = 43; 81y (8); 19% | SF-36 | (Telephone) Interviews Pre: in-hospital Post: 6w, 6 m after injury | Pre: before injury Post: NR | HRQL domains |
Jimenez, 2013, US [22] A | TBI | Hospital (CHAI) | <18y; discharged alive from ED Hispanic or non-Hispanic white N = 531 (73%); 0–9 50%; 65% boys; MAIS 1 46% | PedsQL (Spanish) | (Telephone) Interviews Pre: soon after injury (median 37d) Post: 3 m, 12 m, 24 m, 36 m | Pre: period before injury Post: NR | Hispanic vs non-Hispanic white |
Lyrtzis, 2012, Greece [41] A | Ankle sprain (2nd degree) | Not reported | Injury at 1 limb; No previous ankle injury; No fracture; <24 h after injury; no analgesic N = 78 (98%); 36y (13); 74% | SF-36 | Questionnaires Pre: day of injury Post: 10d | Pre: before injury Post: 10d since injury | HRQL domains |
McGuine, 2014, US [23] A | Knee injury | Sports medicine center/clinic | Women; 13-23y; Injury during regular fitness or sport activities N = 255 (91%); 17y (2), 13–23; 0% | SF-12 (v2) | Questionnaires Pre: initial visit (median 12d) Post: diagnosis, 3 m, 6 m, 12 m | Pre: 1w before injury Post: since injury | US norms |
Ottosson, 2007, Sweden [45] A | Musculoskeletal injury | ED | 15 + y N = 318 (39%); 39y (15); 46% | SF-36 | Questionnaires Pre: at inclusion Post: 1 m, 6 m | Pre: week before injury Post: NR | Swedish norms |
Peterson, 2008, US [24] E | Hip fracture | Hospital Hip fracture surgery | >65y; Not mentally impaired; Living independently N = 105 (NR); alive – 79 (8); NR | SF-36 (v1) | Questionnaires Pre: NR Post: 1stw after operation | Pre: 4w before injury Post: NR | Survival status; HRQL domains |
Pieper, 2014, US [25] Related: [60] A | TBI vs no TBI | Pediatric ED (Self-selected sample) | 5-17y; discharge <24 h N = 40 mBTI, 40 no TBI TBI: 12y (3); 80%; no TBI: 10y (3); 63% | PedsQL (4.0 Generic) | (Telephone) Interviews Pre: initial contact Post: 1 m, 3 m, 6 m, 12 m | Pre: week before injury Post: NR | mTBI vs no TBI vs no injury; Children vs parents (proxy); HRQL domains |
Ponsford, 2011, Australia [27] A Related: [61] | TBI vs no TBI | Hospital | 18 + y; <24 h after injury N = 123 (63%) mTBI, 100 (30%) no TBI mTBI: 35y (13); 74%; no TBI: 35y (11); 64% | SF-36 | Questionnaires Pre: within 48 h after injury Post: 1w, 3 m | Pre: before injury Post: current, past 4w | mTBI vs no TBI |
Pons-Villanueva, 2011, Spain [46] A | Motor vehicle injury vs no MVC | University graduates (SUN) | N = 64 MVC, 3297 no MVC (91%) 40y; 38% | SF-36 | Questionnaires Pre: prospective Post: 4y, 8y | NR | MVC vs no MVC; HRQL domains |
Skoog, 2001, Sweden [40] | Tibia shaft fracture | Hospital | No pathologic fractures or fractures adjacent to implant N = 64; 45y (19), 14–93; 56% | SF-36 | Interviews/Questionnaires Pre: during hospitalization Post: 4 m, mean 13 m | Pre: before injury Post: not reported | Swedish norms |
Sugeno, 2008, Japan [38] A | Hip fracture | Hospital | No severe cognitive decline N = 50 (44%); 77y (10); 20% | EQ-5D (3 L, VAS) | Interviews Pre: 1/2d after admission Post: discharge, 3 m, 6 m, 12 m after admission | NR | |
Tidermark, 2002, Sweden [39] A | Hip fracture (Falls) | ED | 65 + y; Living independently N = 90; 80y (7), 66–92; 37% | EQ-5D (3 L, VAS) UK norms | Interviews/Questionnaires (post) Pre: first days after injury Post: 1w, 4 m, mean 17 m (2)) | Pre: week before injury Post: NR | Age (60–88); Gender; Fracture outcome; Survival status; Swedish norms |
Ulvik, 2008, Norway [42] A | General injury | Closed ICU (neurosurgery) | >18y N = 210 (92%); 39y (17), 18–83; 81% ISS (median) 25; 4-54 | EQ-5D | Telephone interviews Pre & post: 2-7y (median 4y) | Pre: before injury Post: current status | |
Wasiak, 2014, Australia [28] A | Burn injury | Burn center | 18 + y; TBSA > 10% N = 99 (79%); 42y (2); 75% | SF-36 (v2) | Questionnaires Pre: not reported Post: 12 m | NR | Australian norms |
Watson, 2005, Australia [29] A Related: [7] | General injury | Hospital | 18-74y; No self-inflicted injury; No neurological deficit N = 221 (88%); 38y; 72% | SF-36 | Interviews Pre: in hospital / 1stw Post: 6w, 3 m, 6 m, 12 m | Pre: previous week Post: previous week | Age; Gender; Work status; Employment; Australian norms |
Wilson, 2012, New Zealand [8] A | General injury | Accident Compensation Corporation entitlement claims register | 18-64y; No self-harm or sexual assault N = 2.842; 18-34y 35%, 35-64y 47%; 61% | EQ-5D New Zealand norms | Interviews Pre: 3.2 m Post: 4.6 m, 12.3 m | Pre: before injury Post: current status | Recovery status; New Zealand norms |