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Table 2 Identifying and recording pregnancies, loss to follow-up in pregnancy, and birth outcomes

From: Quality of vital event data for infant mortality estimation in prospective, population-based studies: an analysis of secondary data from Asia, Africa, and Latin America

Study

No. pregnancies identified

No. (%) pregnancies enrolled*

No. (%) pregnancies followed to birth outcome + 

No. (%) pregnancies with unknown birth outcome + 

No. of birth outcomes

No. (%) live births ~ 

No. (%) stillbirths ~ 

No. (%) miscarriages/abortions ~ 

Asia

India 2000

14,026

14,026 (100.0%)

13,255 (94.5%)

771 (5.5%)

13,376

12,936 (96.7%)

358 (2.7%)

82 (0.6%)

Nepal 1999

4992

4992 (100.0%)

4985 (99.9%)

7 (0.1%)

5019

4130 (82.3%)

156 (3.1%)

733 (14.6%)

Nepal 2011

42,472

42,050 (99.0%)

36,595 (86.2%)

5455 (12.8%)1

36,874

32,121 (87.1%)

903 (2.4%)

1795 (4.9%)2

Philippines 1983

3711

3702 (99.8%)

3220 (86.8%)

482 (13.0%)3

3257

3149 (96.7%)

40 (1.2%)

68 (2.1%)

Sub-Saharan Africa‡

Burkina Faso 2004

1426

1424 (99.9%)

1381 (96.8%)

43 (3.0%)

1406

1337 (95.1%)

35 (2.5%)

34 (2.4%)

Burkina Faso 2006

1297

1296 (99.9%)

1270 (97.9%)

26 (2.0%)

1293

1225 (94.7%)

27 (2.1%)

41 (3.2%)

Latin America

Brazil 2015

43744

4270 (97.6%)

4270 (97.6%)

0 (0.0%)

4329

4275 (98.8%)

54 (1.2%)

0 (0.0%)

  1. *Pregnancies enrolled as a proportion of those identified expressed as a percent
  2.  + Pregnancies followed or not followed to the birth outcome, respectively, as a proportion of pregnancies enrolled expressed as a percent
  3.  ~ Specific birth outcomes as a proportion of total birth outcomes expressed as a percent. Birth outcomes differ from the number of pregnancies followed to the birth outcome because of the occurrence of multiple births (i.e., twins or triplets)
  4. ‡Kenya 1992 enrolled and followed pregnancies, however, we only had access to live births for this secondary analysis
  5. 1In Nepal 2011, 3101 (55.8%) of pregnancies lost to follow-up were censored due to the end of the study
  6. 2Included in the number of birth outcomes for Nepal 2011 in this table are 2055 outcomes, which were identified as either miscarriage or stillbirth, but could not be stratified further
  7. 3A total of 3327 pregnant women completed a baseline enrollment visit and were followed by the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey Study. Of these pregnant women, 3179 (95.6%) completed a birth outcome ascertainment visit. Data on the remainder of the 3711 eligible pregnant women and their infants were collected through later follow-up surveys
  8. 4Not included in the number of pregnancies for Brazil 2015 are 1227 incomplete pregnancies, stillbirths, or pregnancies not eligible at time of delivery (i.e., residing and/or delivering outside the cohort catchment area, not completing the pregnancy, delivering before 1 January 2015 or after 31 December 2015). Only pregnancy outcomes occurring in 2015 among the women in the pregnancy cohort were eligible for the perinatal study, which provided the data for our analysis
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Population Health Metrics

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