Quality of vital event data for infant mortality estimation in prospective, population-based studies: an analysis of secondary data from Asia, Africa, and Latin America

Table 3 Following and recording infant vital status and loss to follow-up in the neonatal and infant periods

Study	No. live births	No. neonatal deaths (0 to 27 days)	No. alive at 27 days	No. (%) LTF before 28 days	NMR (deaths per 1000 livebirths)	DHS NMR* (deaths per 1000 livebirths)	No. deaths among children 28 days–12 months	No. alive at 1 year	No. (%) LTF between 28 days and 12 months	IMR (deaths per 1000 livebirths)	DHS IMR* (deaths per 1000 livebirths)
Asia
India 2000	12,936	449	12,461	26 (0.2%)	34.7	33	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Nepal 1999	4130	174	3952	4 (0.1%)	42.1	43	80	3787	85 (2.2%)	61.5	64
Nepal 2011	32,121	1001	29,917	1203 (3.7%)	31.2	30	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Philippines 1983	3149	38¹	2960	151 (4.8%)	12.1	12	53	2713	194 (6.6%)	28.9	24
Sub-Saharan Africa
Burkina Faso 2004	1337	24	1310	3 (0.2%)	18.0	29	63	1037	210 (16.0%)	65.1	67
Burkina Faso 2006	1225	25	1192	8 (0.7%)	20.4	29	36	633	523 (43.9%)	49.8	67
Kenya 1992 +	2332	54	2274	4 (0.2%)	23.2	24	293	1964	17 (0.7%)	148.8	130
Zimbabwe 1997	14,110	125	13,620	365 (2.6%)	8.9	16	779	10,958	1883 (13.8%)	64.1	29
Latin America
Brazil 1993	5249	75	5140	34 (0.6%)	14.3	15	35	5026	79 (1.5%)	21.0	45
Brazil 2004	4231	50	4116	65 (1.5%)	11.8	15	28	3990	98 (2.4%)	18.4	24
Brazil 2015	4275	37	4183	55 (1.3%)	8.7	9	17	4094	72 (1.7%)	12.6	14

¹Not included in the number of neonatal or infant deaths for Philippines 1983 are 10 deaths among women not enrolled because they delivered outside the study area, 16 deaths among enrolled out-migrants, 6 deaths among 27 sets of multiple births (1 died shortly after birth and 5 between months 2 and 9), and 6 deaths excluded because of missing date of death
⁺Not included in the number of live births for Kenya 1992 are 10 observations excluded due to missing data. Also excluded from analysis are 14 deaths with no known date of death
*NMR and IMR from closest DHS region and time period, specifically: India 2000 (DHS 2005/2006, Tamil Nadu Rural Region), Nepal 1999 (DHS 2006, Central Terai Region), Nepal 2011 (DHS 2016, Province 2 Rural Region), Philippines 1983 (DHS 1993, Central Visayas Region), Burkina Faso 2004 and 2006 (DHS 2010, Hauts Bassins Region), Kenya 1992 (DHS 2003, Nyanza Rural Region), Zimbabwe 1997 (DHS 2005, Harare Region), Brazil 1993 (DHS 1996, Brazil All Regions), Brazil 2004 (United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME) (2004.5), Brazil 2015 (United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME) (2015.5)

ISSN: 1478-7954