Fig. 16

Results of network reconstruction using the 2021 TTW data. a Number of commuters between the reference TTW SA2–SA2 network (from ABS Data), the TTW SA1–DZN network (from ABS Data), the TTW SA1–DZN network (refined by the original algorithm of Fair et al. [37], adapted for census 2021), and the TTW SA1–DZN network (refined by the optimised algorithm). b Number of unassigned commuters, counted in SA2–SA2 network but not in SA1–DZN network, over refining iterations. c Mean squared error between the SA2–SA2 TTW network from ABS and the reconstructed SA2–SA2 TTW network from the refined SA1-DZN networks. d Pearson’s correlation coefficient between the SA2–SA2 TTW network from ABS and the reconstructed SA2–SA2 TTW network from the refined SA1–DZN networks