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Fig. 1 | Population Health Metrics

Fig. 1

From: Collider and reporting biases involved in the analyses of cause of death associations in death certificates: an illustration with cancer and suicide

Fig. 1

Directed acyclic graph representing the causal process underlying studies based on causes of death data. Collider bias emerges from conditioning inclusion in the study population on death, which is a consequence (descendant) of both exposure and outcome, which are the two factors defined among the diseases and injuries coded as causes of death for which the association is assessed. In our illustrative example, cancer is “disease #1” (the exposure), and suicide is “injury #2” (the outcome). Death is the collider on which inclusion in the study population is conditioned

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Population Health Metrics

ISSN: 1478-7954